1.1 Historical
Perspective
1.2 Materials
Science and Engineering
1.3 Classification
of Materials
1.4 Advanced
Materials
1.5 Modern Materials Needs
Objective:
Introduce the different classes of materials – metals, polymers,
ceramics, and semiconductors – discuss various properties of these materials
(mechanical, thermal, environmental stability, optical) and how we select these
materials for engineering applications based on these properties.
Chapter
2. Atomic
Structure and Interatomic Bonding
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Fundamental
Concepts
2.3 Electrons
in Atoms
2.4 The
Periodic Table
2.5 Bonding Forces and Energies
2.6 Primary
Interatomic Bonds
2.7 Secondary
Bonding or van der Waals Bonding
2.8 Molecules
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Fundamental
Concepts
3.3 Unit
Cells
3.4 Metallic
Crystal Structures
3.5 Density
Computations
3.6 Polymorphism
and Allotropy
3.7
Crystal Systems
3.8
Crystallographic
Directions
3.9
Crystallographic
Planes
3.10 Linear and Planar Atomic Densities
3.11 Close-Packed Crystal Structures
3.12 Single Crystals
3.13 Polycrystalline Materials
3.14 Anisotropy
3.15 X-Ray Diffraction Determination of
Crystalline Structure
3.16 Noncrystalline Solids
Chapter 4. Imperfections in Solids
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Vacancies
and Self-Interstitials
4.3 Impurities
in Solids
4.4 Dislocations—Linear
Defects
4.5 Interfacial
Defects
4.6
Bulk or Volume
Defects
4.7 Atomic
Vibrations
4.8 General
4.9 Microscopy
4.10 Grain
Size Determination
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Diffusion
Mechanisms
5.3 Steady-State
Diffusion
5.4 Nonsteady-State
Diffusion
5.5 Factors
That Influence Diffusion
5.6 Other
Diffusion Paths
6.1
Introduction
6.2
Concepts of Stress and Strain
6.3 Stress—Strain
Behavior
6.4 Anelasticity
6.5 Elastic
Properties of Materials
6.6 Tensile
Properties
6.7 True
Stress and Strain
6.8 Elastic
Recovery During Plastic Deformation
6.9 Compressive,
Shear, and Torsional Deformation
6.10 Hardness
6.11 Variability
of Material Properties
6.12 Design/Safety Factors
Chapter 7. Dislocations and Strengthening Mechanisms
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Basic
Concepts
7.3 Characteristics
of Dislocations
7.4 Slip
Systems
7.5 Slip
in Single Crystals
7.6 Plastic Deformation of Polycrystalline
Materials
7.7 Deformation
by Twinning
7.8 Strengthening
by Grain Size
Reduction
7.9 Solid-Solution
Strengthening
7.10 Strain
Hardening
7.11 Recovery
7.12 Recrystallization
7.13 Grain
Growth
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Fundamentals
of Fracture
8.3 Ductile
Fracture
8.4 Brittle
Fracture
8.5 Principles
of Fracture Mechanics
8.6 Impact
Fracture Testing
8.7 Cyclic
Stresses
8.8 The S—N Curve
8.9 Crack
Initiation and Propagation
8.10 Crack
Propagation Rate
8.11 Factors
That Affect Fatigue Life
8.12 Environmental
Effects
8.13 Generalized
Creep Behavior
8.14 Stress
and Temperature Effects
8.15 Data
Extrapolation Methods
8.16 Alloys
for High-Temperature Use
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Solubility
Limit
9.3 Phases
9.4 Microstructure
9.5 Phase
Equilibria
9.6 Binary
Isomorphous Systems
9.7 Binary
Eutectic Systems
9.8 Equilibrium
Diagrams Having Intermediate Phases or Compounds
9.9 Eutectoid
and Peritectic Reactions
9.10 Congruent
Phase Transformations
9.11 Ceramic
and Ternary Phase Diagrams
9.12 The
Gibbs Phase Rule
9.13 The
Iron—Iron Carbide (Fe—Fe3C) Phase Diagram
9.14 Development
of Microstructures in Iron—Carbon Alloys
9.15 The Influence
of Other Alloying Elements
Chapter 10. Phase Transformations in Metals: Development of Microstructure
and Alteration of Mechanical Properties
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Basic
Concepts
10.3 The
Kinetics of Solid-State Reactions
10.4 Multiphase
Transformations
10.5 Isothermal Transformation Diagrams
10.6 Continuous
Cooling Transformation Diagrams
10.7 Mechanical Behavior of Iron—Carbon Alloys
10.8 Tempered Martensite
10.9 Review of Phase Transformations for Iron—Carbon Alloys
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Process
Annealing
11.3 Stress
Relief
11.4 Annealing
of Ferrous Alloys
11.5 Hardenability
11.6 Influence
of Quenching Medium, Specimen Size, and Geometry
11.7 Heat
Treatments
11.8 Mechanism of Hardening
11.9 Miscellaneous Considerations
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Forming Operations
12.3 Casting
12.4 Miscellaneous
Techniques
12.5 Steels
12.6 Cast Irons
12.7 Copper and Its Alloys
12.8 Aluminum and Its Alloys
12.9 Magnesium and Its Alloys
12.10 Titanium and Its Alloys
12.11 The Refractory Metals
12.12 The Superalloys
12.13 The Noble Metals
12.14 Miscellaneous Nonferrous Alloys
Chapter 13. Structures and Properties of Ceramics
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Crystal Structures
13.3 Silicate Ceramics
13.4 Carbon
13.5 Imperfections in Ceramics
13.6 Ceramic Phase Diagrams
13.7 Brittle Fracture of Ceramics
13.8 Stress-Strain Behavior
13.9 Mechanisms of Plastic Deformation
13.10 Miscellaneous Mechanical Considerations
Chapter 14. Applications and Processing of Ceramics
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Glass Properties
14.3 Glass Forming
14.4 Heat Treating Glasses
14.5 Glass-Ceramics
14.6 The Characteristics of Clay
14.7 Compositions of Clay Products
14.8 Fabrication Techniques
14.9 Drying and Firing
14.10 Fireclay Refractories
14.11 Silica Refractories
14.12 Basics Refractories
14.13 Special Refractories
14.14 Abrasives
14.15 Powder Pressing
14.16 Tape Casting
14.17 Cements
14.18 Advanced Ceramics
Chapter 15.
Polymer Structures
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Hydrocarbon Molecules
15.3 Polymer Molecules
15.4 The Chemistry of Polymer Molecules
15.5 Molecular Weight
15.6 Molecular Shape
15.7 Molecular Structure
15.8 Molecular Configurations
15.9 Copolymers
15.10 Polymer Crystallinity
15.11 Polymer Crystals
Chapter 16. Characteristics,
Applications, and Processing of Polymers
16.1 Introductions
16.2 Stress-Strain Behavior
16.3 Deformation of Semicrystalline Polymers
16.4 Crystallization, Melting, and Glass Transition Phenomena
16.5 Thermoplastic and Thermosetting Polymers
16.6 Viscoelasticity
16.7 Deformation and Elastomers
16.8 Fracture of Polymers
16.9 Miscellaneous Characteristics
16.10 Polymerization
16.11 Polymer Additives
16.12 Polymer Types
16.13 Plastics
16.14 Elastomers
16.15 Fibers
16.16 Miscellaneous Applications
16.17 Advanced Polymeric Materials
Chapter 17.
Composites
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Large-Particle Composites
17.3 Dispersion-Strengthened Composites
17.4 Influence of Fiber Length
17.5 Influence of Fiber Orientation and Concentration
17.6 The Fiber Phase
17.7 The Matrix Phase
17.8 Polymer Matrix Composites
17.9 Metal-Matrix Composites
17.10 Ceramic-Matrix Composites
17.11 Carbon-Carbon Composites
17.12 Hybrid Composites
17.13 Processing of Fiber-Reinforced
Composites
17.14 Laminar Composites
17.15 Sandwich Panels
Chapter 18.
Corrosion and Degradation of Materials
Not Covered
Chapter 19. Electrical Properties
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Ohm’s Law
19.3 Electrical Conductivity
19.4 Electronic and Ionic Conduction
19.5 Energy Band Structures in Solids
19.6 Conduction in Terms of Band and Atomic Bonding Models
19.7 Electron Mobility
19.8 Electrical Resistivity of Metals
19.9 Electrical Characteristics of Commercial Alloys
19.10 Intrinsic Semiconduction
19.11 Extrinsic Semiconduction
19.12 The Temperature Variation of Conductivity and Carrier Concentration
19.13 The Hall Effect
19.14 Semiconductor Devices
19.15 Conduction in Ionic Materials
19.16 Electrical Properties of Polymers
19.17 Capacitance
19.18 Field Vectors and Polarization
19.19 Types of Polarization
19.20 Frequency
Dependence of the Dielectric Constant
19.21 Dielectric Strength
19.22 Dielectric Materials
19.23 Ferroelectricity
19.24 Piezoelectricity