"WHAT'S
HAPPENING?"
E&PP INFO 60 April
4, 2002
CONTENTS PAGE
|
Tobacco Blue Mold............................................................................................................................. 1
Fungicide changes for
Fruit and Vegetable Crops........................................................................... 1
Reduced Risk Miticide........................................................................................................................ 2
Product Cancellations......................................................................................................................... 2
White Pine Aphids and
Beneficial Insects........................................................................................ 3
Lorsban Reregistration or
Cancellation???........................................................................................ 3
Field Crop Update............................................................................................................................... 4
Plant & Pest
Diagnostic Highlights................................................................................................... 4
Celebrate School IPM Week,
May 5-11, 2002................................................................................. 5
|
TOBACCO BLUE MOLD
by
Darrell Hensley
Tobacco
blue mold has been discovered in Tiff County in southern Georgia, near El Dorado on March 22, 2002. About 2
acres of plant beds were infected.
Strong disease activity was reported.
There were signs that blue mold may have been present since the
beginning of March as systemic blue
mold, causing darkened plant stems and leaf veins, but may have
gone unrecognized as no blue mold
spores were being produced on the outside of the plants. Georgia officials
indicated that on a later visit to the beds the typical yellow discolorations
on the leaves along with the blue mold
were present. It is likely that other crops in the southern GA and
northern FL region have already been exposed. Growing areas in the Carolinas
may also have been threatened by spores from this source during recent periods
of favorable weather.
All
tobacco plant producers in burley production areas are encouraged to scout
their plants carefully for signs of blue mold. Dithane DF is labeled as a
preventive for the plant beds and plant houses.
Tennessee
Growers should obtain plants grown locally if at all possible to reduce the
spread of blue mold.
FUNGICIDE
CHANGES FOR FRUIT AND VEGETABLE CROPS
by
Steve Bost
Switch
62.5WG and Quadris 2SC fungicides have been granted federal registrations for strawberries.
Switch was labeled last fall and was added to our recommendations for 2002. The
Quadris label was granted after our recommendations went to press, so Quadris
is not included in the print version. It is included, however, in the web
version of the recommendations.
Switch
provides excellent control of Botrytis gray mold at 11 to 14 oz per acre on a 7
to 10-day schedule through the bloom period. Although gray mold is the only
disease on the current label, Switch is very effective against strawberry
anthracnose, according to my trials. Novartis is working toward adding
anthracnose to the Switch label. Switch can be used during harvest (when
anthracnose control is needed), and has a 0-day pre-harvest interval. There is
a limit of 56 oz per acre per year. No rotational crop other than strawberries
or onions can be planted for 12 months following the last application of
Switch. This restriction may eventually be relaxed as Novartis obtains more
residue data.
We
have had Section 18, emergency-use labels for Quadris for the last three years,
for control of anthracnose. The federal label also lists powdery mildew. The
rate is 6.2 to 15.4 fl oz per acre, with a 0-day pre-harvest interval. Quadris
should be used preventively, up to four applications per year, but not more
than twice consecutively. I recommend reserving Quadris for the harvest period,
in case anthracnose appears.
Abound
2SC fungicide has received federal registrations for blueberry, currant,
elderberry, gooseberry, huckleberry, lingonberry, and Juneberry. The active
ingredient in Abound is azoxystrobin, identical to Quadris. For the bush
berries, the target diseases for Abound are mummy berry, Alternaria fruit rot,
Phomopsis twig blight, and anthracnose fruit rot. The rate is 6.2 to 15.4 fl oz
per acre, with a 0-day pre-harvest interval. Abound should be used
preventively, up to three applications per year, but not more than twice
consecutively.
For
vegetable crops, Quadris was recently registered on the Brassica leafy greens (mustard,
collard, etc.) for control of white rust, black spot (Alternaria spp.), and
Rhizoctonia diseases. On pepper, eggplant, and okra, Quadris was registered for
control of powdery mildew and anthracnose.
Acrobat MZ is now labeled for use on tomatoes, primarily for control of
late blight. The rate is 2.25 lb. per acre, with a 5-day pre-harvest
interval. Refer to the label for plant
back restrictions. As a reminder,
Benlate has been discontinued by the manufacturer. It can be sold and used in
2002, but suppliers are probably getting low. Growers may use the product after
December 31, 2002, but they will not be able to purchase additional material.
REDUCED
RISK MITICIDE
by
Darrell Hensley
Conventional
"Reduced‑Risk" status granted to the miticide, Etoxazole (trade
name, Secure), for new (First Food) uses on pome fruit, cotton and
strawberries. On March 12, the Agency's
Reduced Risk Committee granted Valent's miticide, etoxazole (Secure),
conventional "reduced‑risk" status for the new (first food)
uses on pome fruit, cotton and strawberries. Etoxazole is an alternative to
carbamates, organochlorines and other miticides like pyridaben (neurotoxin) and
propargite (B2). Valent believes that etoxazole works by inhibiting molting. It
has activity against eggs and juvenile, but not adult, mites. The mode of
action is so specific that it does not kill beneficial (predatory) mites. Mites
are exceedingly good at developing resistance. As such, etoxazole's new mode of
action will help with IPM programs and resistance development. After looking at the use pattern for
etoxazole in detail, the Reduced Risk Committee determined that etoxazole is
not an OP Alternative for any of the uses. The Committee did not see etoxazole
displacing much of an already very small percentage of cotton treated with
profenfos, given that the profenfos on cotton is used primarily to control
other pests, and not mites.
PRODUCT
CANCELLATIONS
by
Darrell Hensley
Ethion
Insecticide
The
EPA placed an order cancelling the registrations of all pesticide products
produced by Cheminova AGRO A/S, FMC Corporation, and Micro-Flo Corporation
containing O,O,O,O-tetaethyl S,S-methylene bis(phosphorodithioate) (Ethion).
This cancellation order follows a notice in the September 26, 2001 Federal
Register announcing receipt of requests for cancellation of these products, and
announcing the commencement of a public comment period as required by section
6(f)(1) of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). EPA
has received no comments, and is therefore granting the requested cancellation
orders. Any distribution, sale, or use of the products subject to this
cancellation order is only permitted in accordance with the terms of the
existing stocks provisions of this cancellation order. DATES: Cancellation of
manufacturing-use products will be effective on October 1, 2003, and
cancellation of end-use products will be effective on December 31, 2003.
Fenamiphos
(Nemacur) and metolachlor (Dual)
This
notice announces the use cancellations as requested by the companies that hold
the registrations of pesticide end-use and manufacturing-use products
containing the active ingredient (a.i.) Fenamiphos and metolachlor and accepted
by EPA, pursuant to section 6(f) of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and
Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). This order follows up a September 20, 2001, notice of
receipt of requests for voluntary cancellation of uses. EPA indicated that it
would issue an order confirming the voluntary use cancellations unless the
Agency received any substantive comment within the comment period that would
merit its further review of these requests. Any distribution, sale, or use of
fenamiphos and metolachlor products labeled for the canceled uses are only permitted
in accordance with the terms of the existing stocks provisions of this
cancellation order. DATES: The cancellations are effective March 22, 2002. The
cancellation of metolachlor does not effect Dual Magnum or S-metolachlor.
Green
Up Kerb WB (pronamide)
Earth
Care, Division of United Corporation has requested registrations to be
cancelled for Green Up Kerb WB which has the active ingredient pronamide.
WHITE
PINE APHIDS AND BENEFICIAL INSECTS
by
Frank A. Hale
We
have had reports of white pine aphids on white pine since March. These aphids produce copious amounts of
honeydew. Sooty mold associated with
white pine aphid can often become quite thick and heavy on the needles. Some sooty mold is starting to show up but
it is not heavy yet. These aphids
generally overwinter as black eggs laid in a single row on the needles. The eggs probably started hatching back in
late February or early March because the resulting female aphids have matured
and are now giving birth to many live young.
When
viewing some infested white pine this week the question asked was what should
we use to treat them? What we saw was
not only thousands of aphids on the branches, but our old friends the
multicolored Asian lady beetle adults.
They were mating and laying clusters of their lemon color and shaped
eggs on the needles in close proximity to their prey. We also saw many syrphid flies zipping about. They will lay single eggs near the aphids so
that the predaceous larvae will have plenty of aphids to devour. If I was going to treat for these aphids I
would probably suggest using a summer horticultural oil such as SunSpray
Ultra-Fine Spray Oil or imidacloprid (Merit 75 WP) that would be only minimally
harmful, if at all, to the beneficial insects.
But why go to the expense of treating if the beneficial insects will do
the work for free? I expect that the
lady beetle larvae will make short order of the white pine aphids in two or
three weeks. Remember, the lady beetles
have been inside walls of houses and other sheltered places since last
fall. To say they are hungry is an
understatement. So let the feast
begin.
LORSBAN
REREGISTRATION OR CANCELLATION ????
by
Darrell Hensley
I
have received several phone calls concerning AStop Sale@ or ABanned@ Lorsban 4E.
I
was informed by Dow AgroSciences that under the new agreement with EPA the
reregistration of Lorsban 4E (chloropyrifos) can be sold and used as of March
19, 2002. Yes, it can still be sold
under the new agreement according to the EPA. The only registered Lorsban 4E
with a label that can no longer be sold would contain the EPA registration
number 62719-23. Please read the label for application information
and application rates. Lorsban 4E
manufactured prior to EPA=s decision should have an small orange label
attached to the container. The orange
tag indicates that products manufactured prior to the cutoff date may be sold
after stop sale date issued for products containing chlorpyrifos.
FIELD
CROP UPDATE
by
Russ Patrick
ALFALFA
WEEVIL
Be
on the lookout for these pesky little larvae at this time. They are causing
damage in some Western Tennessee locations as I write. It will be advisable to wait until most of
the plants have emerged so you will not have to retreat too soon. Products: Fury 1.5EC, Warrior T, Furadan 4F
are three very good materials that will control these pests effectively.
CUTWORMS:
I
have not had any reports but am in the process of getting pheromone traps
distributed across the state
for
early alerts to producers. It has been a wet spring thus far and if it remains
cool and damp, these insects will be a problem in corn, especially in bottom
lands.
PLANT
& PEST DIAGNOSTIC HIGHLIGHTS
by
Tom Stebbins and David Cook
The
following are samples submitted to the clinic March 28 through April 4, 2002.
TOBACCO
& FIELD CROPS:
Freeze
injury on some wheat due to March 21 & 22 freeze showing up now.
ORNAMENTAL
AND TURF:
Downy
mildew on verbena; volutella canker on boxwood; powdery mildew on euonymus;
black root rot on Japanese holly; entomosporium leaf spot on photinia; black
knot on cherry; seiridium canker on leyland cypress; bacterial shot hole on
laurel; winter and cold injury on holly; black root rot on million bells and
creeping phlox; pythium root rot on daisy; botrytis blight on geranium,
botrytis leaf spot on tulip.
TURFGRASS:
Cool
season Rhizoctonia and Pythium type diseases on bentgrass and some freeze
injury resulting from March 21 freeze on fescue lawns..
FRUIT
& VEGETABLES
Pythium
stem rot on habanero pepper; chemical injury on tomato.
INSECTS:
White
pine aphids; black turpentine beetles on pine; woolly aphids on oak and
euonymous roots; horned oak gall on oak; obscure scale on willow oak;
In
and around the home: Leaf-cutting bees, winged aphids, assassin bugs, orb
weaver spiders, boxelder bugs, imported fire ants, carpenter ants; cornfield
ants, hackberry psyllids, Indian meal
moths, clover mites, subterranean termites and an ichneumon wasp.
CELEBRATE
SCHOOL IPM WEEK, MAY 5-11, 2002!
by
Karen M. Vail
Professionals
from all walks of life are needed and encouraged to participate in IPM-related
educational activities in schools and classrooms during the week of May 5,
2002. Join us in increasing understanding
and appreciation for IPM!
What
is IPM?
Integrated
Pest Management (IPM) is an approach that maintains a high standard of pest
control while reducing reliance on high-risk pesticides. IPM includes regular monitoring to detect
problems early, acting against pests only when necessary, choosing the most
effective option with the least risk to people and the environment, and
applying knowledge about pest biology to create long-term, prevention-based
solutions. IPM can be practiced in any environment where insects, plant
diseases, weeds or wildlife create problems, including schools, farms, homes,
workplaces, parks and lawns.
Pesticide
applications made on a routine or calendar basis are not part of IPM. Allowing pests to flourish is also not part
of IPM. By improving pest control,
reducing reliance on pesticides and incorporating least-risk options, IPM
reduces both pest and pesticide risks.
Why
IPM in Schools?
IPM
in the school environment is especially important. Children face greater potential for health effects resulting from
pest and pesticide exposure and spend a great deal of time in schools. IPM can reduce liability and risks from
accidental poisoning, allergies or other harmful effects that pests and
pesticides can have on children and adults.
Why
an IPM in Schools Week?
Effective
and economical methods to control pests in schools without using toxic
chemicals are available nationwide. Yet
public awareness of IPM is very low.
IPM is used successfully in agriculture and community settings around
the world, and many schools report cost savings when they implement IPM. Public
support is essential for continued research to create new and improved IPM
approaches. By increasing public
awareness and support, we can build appreciation and incentives for IPM and IPM
users everywhere.
Who
Can Participate?
Anyone
with an appreciation for IPM is invited to participate. Take a few minutes of
your time to share your enthusiasm for IPM with students in your local
schools. Those in IPM-related
professions, including biological science, agriculture, and professional pest
management are especially encouraged to share their experience and
knowledge. For ideas on IPM-related
activities you might consider undertaking, visit our web site at http://www.ipminstitute.org/schoolipmweek.htm and take
the IPM Pledge!
For
More Information!
Visit
the School IPM Week Web site http://www.ipminstitute.org/schoolipmweek.htm
or contact the IPM Institute at (608) 232-1528, Fax (608) 232-1530, or e-mail
to <schoolipmweek@ipminstitute.org> .
School
IPM Week is organized by the IPM Institute of North America with support from
US EPA and the National Foundation for IPM Education.
Prepared
by:
Thomas
A. Green, Ph.D., President IPM Institute of North America, Inc., 1914 Rowley
Ave., Madison, WI 53705, (608)232-1528, (608)232-1530 (fax), ipmworks@ipminstitute.org www.ipminstitute.org
|
PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENT
To protect people and the environment,
pesticides should be used safely.
This is everyone's responsibility, especially the user.
Read and follow label
directions carefully before you buy, mix, apply, store, or dispose of a
pesticide.
According to laws
regulating pesticides, they must be used only as directed by the label.
E12-2015-00-035-01
DISCLAIMER STATEMENT
Pesticides recommended in
this publication were registered for the prescribed uses when printed.
Pesticide registrations
are continuously being reviewed.
Should registration of a
recommended pesticide be canceled, it would no longer be recommended by The
University of Tennessee.
Use of trade or brand
names in this publication is for clarity and information; it does not imply
approval of the product
to the exclusion of others which may be of
similar, suitable composition, nor does it guarantee or warrant the standard
of the product.
|
A State Partner in the
Cooperative Extension System
The
Agricultural Extension Service offers its programs to all eligible persons regardless
of race,
color,
age, national origin, sex or disability and is an Equal Opportunity Employer.
COOPERATIVE
EXTENSION WORK IN AGRICULTURE AND HOME ECONOMICS
The
University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, U.S. Department of
Agriculture,
and
county governments cooperating in furtherance of Acts of May 8 and June 30,
1914.
Agricultural
Extension Service
Charles
Norman, Dean